All manuscripts must be printed or typed with wide margins and double-spaced throughout, including references and footnotes. Number each page of the manuscript.

Title Page 1: Include on the first page the title of the paper and the names(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), including mailing address(es) and email address(es). In the title, specific words are preferable to general ones.

Referees/Reviewers: In the middle of the first page provide the name, affiliation, and email addresses of 5 scientists who are qualified to review your work.

At the bottom of the first page, provide the number of manuscript pages, figures, and tables, and propose a running head of not more than 55 characters, and the name and email address to which editorial correspondence and proofs should be directed.

Abstract Page 2: The second page contains the abstract. The abstract should summarize the main arguments and conclusions of the author(s). At least five key words must be listed immediately after the abstract.

Page 3: The text begins on page 3, and must include the title.

Subsection Titles should be capitalized and numbered consecutively. Capitalize the first letter of each word of major subheadings.

Research Articles reporting original research must include Methods, Results and Discussion sections.

Appendixes. Following the last page of the main text, give appendixes, acknowledgments, references, tables, figure captions, and figures, in that order.

Table & Figures. Places where figures and tables are to appear in the published paper should be marked within the body of the manuscript, i.e. [Insert Figure 1 Here].

When described in the body of the text, a table should be referred to as Table X, an equation as Eq. Y, and a figure as Fig. Z (use these abbreviations everywhere except at the beginning of a sentence).

Tables are numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in order of their citation in the text. Each table should be typed, single-spaced, on a separate sheet with due regard to the proportions of the printed page. All tables should bear appropriate headings. Tables may be submitted as jpgs.

Figures & Illustrations. At the time of submission of the manuscript, a high quality copy of each figure suitable for reproduction in the published paper must be supplied in jpg, tiff. or .gif formats. Lettering on the figures should be of professional quality and should be legible at a resolution of 72 Pixels/inch (29 Pixels/cum) and no more than 8 inches (20 cm) in width. Each figure should be named and identified with the author’s name and figure number, e.g. RBeckerFigure1.jpg. All figures, whether line designs or halftones, should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals, in order of their citation in the text. Figure captions should be typewritten on a separate sheet, following the text.

Citation of References Careful compliance with the instructions for preparing the list of references is required; manuscripts with incomplete references may be returned to the author for correction before being considered for publication.

Reference citations in the text should be in one of the following forms: Gallagher and Becker (2009) or (Gallagher & Becker, 2009); Jackson et al. (2003) or (Jackson et al. 2003); Hoppe et al. (2003, p. 299) or (Hoppe et al. 2003, p. 299). To distinguish two or more works by the same same first author in the same year, use suffices a, b, etc., following the year (e.g., Lorenz et al. 2006a,b).

References to personal communications are not included in the reference list.

Literature citations in the bibliography should be listed alphabetically (and then chronologically) according to the surname of the (first) author. The listings of authors having multiple entries should first list all papers by the author alone chronologically, then two author papers, alphabetically and then chronologically, and finally all multiple author papers. This latter group should be listed alphabetically according to the surname of the (first) author and then chronologically.

Journal references should contain the names and initials of all authors, the year, the title of the article, and the standard abbreviation of the journal, the volume number, and the first and last pages. As an exception to this rule, any article with more than 10 co-authors may be listed using a style like "Johanson, R. E., and 10 colleagues, … ." Shown below are examples of the proper reference forms for a book, a journal article, and a book chapter, respectively.

Brandt, A. W. (2007). Plasma Physics. Harvard University Press, Boston, US.

Casagrande, V. W., Green, P., Smith, V.A. (2008). The big bang vs steady state. Proceedings of the Academy of Science, 105, 221-230.

Williams, B. A., George, J. A., Gruber, P. (2009) Life on Mars. In: Gallagher, R. E., Smith, Q., Randals, P. P. (Eds.), Astrobiology, University of California Press, San Francisco, pp. 221-300.